Clinical Scenarios
CS1
Presentation
- Duration: 3 days
- Symptoms:
- Throat pain
- Fever
- Onset: First time
- Negative Findings:
- No trauma
- No discharges
- No shortness of breath (SOB)
- No dysphagia
- No bad odour
- No limitation of movement
- No swelling
Differential Diagnosis
- Tonsillitis
- EBV (Epstein-Barr Virus)
Management
- If white spots are present: Bacterial Group A Streptococcus
- Antibiotic: 10 days of Amoxicillin
CS2
Presentation
- Duration: 6 months
- Age: 4 years old
- Symptoms:
- Snoring
- Mouth bleeding
- Apneic episodes
- Change of voice
- Negative Findings:
- No history of asthma
- No ear pain
- No fever
- No nasal discharge
Differential Diagnosis
- Adenoid Hypertrophy: Due to snoring, most common in children
Confirmation
- Laryngoscopy
Management
- Adenectomy
Contraindications
- Bleeding tendency
CS3
Presentation
- Acuteness: Acute severe upper airway obstruction
- Symptoms:
- Cannot breathe
- Respiratory distress
- Fever
- Age: 50 years old
- Negative Findings:
- Did not ingest anything
- No abdominal pain
- No weight loss
- No hypersensitivity
- Signs:
- Stridor
Differential Diagnosis (Acute Respiratory Distress + Fever)
- Epiglottitis
- Laryngitis
- Glossitis
- Abscesses
- Management: Incision & Drainage (I&D), antibiotics
- Approach: Transcervical or Retrotransoral
Scopes Differentials
- Parapharyngitis: Buildup of lateral pharynx
- Glottopharyngitis
CS4
Management Guidelines
-
Nasal Reduction:
- Indication: Nasal deformity
- Timing: <2 weeks since injury
-
Rhinoplasty:
- Timing: >2 weeks since injury
-
Tympanic Membrane Rupture:
- Management: Usually observe for healing
- Duration: ± 2 months