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Clinical
Level 8
Clinical Medicine
Topics
1- Introduction
Behavioral history
Body Built
Cardiovascular system
Complaints
Cyanosis
Drug & Allergy history
Ears
Establishing a good relationship with the patient
Eyes
Face
Family history
Fever
Gastrointestinal system
General Examination
General patient condition
Hands , Digits & Nails
Head & Face
History of Present Illness
Hydration
Introduction to history and examination
Lymph nodes enlargement
Mouth , Oral cavity & Tongue
Neck Pulsation
Pallor
Past medical and surgical history
Personal Data
Pulse rate
Respiratory rate
Respiratory system
Review of systems
Social history
Summery of the History
Systems Examinations
Temperature
2- Lump & Ulcers
Abdominal Auscultation
Abdominal Inspection
Abdominal Palpation
Abdominal Percussion
Abscess
Arterial History
Arterial Inspection
Arterial Palpation
Auscultation
Breast History
Dermoid cyst
Epidermoid Cyst
Exam Ulcer
History
History & Examination, Lump & Ulcers
inguinal hernia
Inspection
Lipoma
Lump & Ulcer
Lump & Ulcer Exam
Lump & Ulcer Palpation
Lump & Ulcer Percussion
Lump Ulcer
Lump Ulcer History
Lumps
Palpation
Percussion
Ulcers
3- Abdomen
Abdomen Symptoms
Abdominal Exam
Abdominal History
Abdominal History Taking
Abdominal Systemic Inquiry
Analysis of Abdominal
Analysis of Abdominal pain
History and examination of abdomen
4- Extremities
Arterial Auscultation
Arterial Exam
Examination
History & Examination of Extremities
Lymph Exam
Lymphangitis
Lymphedema
Venous Auscultation
Venous Exam
Venous History
Venous Inspection
Venous Palpation
5- Neck Swelling
amiodarone
Grave's disease
Hyperthyroidism
Hypothyroidism
Hypothyroidism induced Drugs
Iodine deficiency
Neck Anatomy
Neck Auscultation
Neck Exam
Neck History
Neck History & Examination
Neck Inspection
Neck Palpation
Neck Percussion
Sub acute thyroiditis
Sublingual , Cervical Dermoid Cyst
Thyroid diseases
Thyroid Storm
Toxic adenoma
Toxic goiter
Toxic MNG
Toxic solitary nodule
6- Breast
Breast Exam
Breast History & Examination
Breast Inspection
Breast Palpation
CL Examination
History Breast
7- Hypertention
Secondary Hypertension
8- History CVS
Abdomen
Arcus
Auscultation CVS
Cachexia
Cardiac Failure
Central cyanosis
Claudication
CVS Examination
CVS History
CVS History & Exam
CVS History Cases
FOCUSED CVS HISTORY TAKING
General Observation CVS
Heart Examination
Heart Rate
Heart Rate and Rhythm
Heart Sounds
History of Chest Pain
Inspection CVS
Intro CVS System Notes
Jugular venous pressure
Lower limbs
Malar flush
Note-med2-CVS Examination
Palpation CVS
Pericarditis
Peripheral Pulses Examination
Radial arterial pulse
Rhythm
Roth spot
Thrombophlebitis
Varicose Veins
xanthelasma
CNS History & Exam
Abdominal reflexes
Accessory Nerve CR XI
Achilles Reflex
Anal Reflex
Ataxia
Athetosis
Biceps Reflex
Bladder Dysfunction
Blurred vision
Cerebellar Examination
clonus
CNS Equipments needed
CNS History & Exam
CNS Terminologies
Cranial Nerve Examination
Date of onset CNS
Differential Diagnosis CNS
diplopia
Discriminative sensations
Fainting-syncope
Family History CNS
Finger-to-Nose Test
FOCAL NON-MOTOR SEIZURES
Gait
GENERALIZED ONET SEIZURES
GENERALIZED ONSET NON-MOTOR SEIZURES
Glossopharyngeal Nerve CR IX
Graphesthesia
Heel-to-Knee Test
Hemiballismus
History of Present Illness CNS
Hypoglossal Nerve CR XII
Hypothalamus
ICT
Identification CNS
Intro CNS System Notes
Light Touch
LL Tone-Power
LL Touch, Pain, Proprioception Test
Mental Status
Motor-Sensory Manifestation
Motor-Sensory-Reflex Examination
Neurological Definition of Terms
Neurological Exam
Neurological History
Note-CNS-Examination
Numbness
Oculomotor, Trochlear, Abducens- CN III, IV, VI
Optic Nerve CN II
Other CNS examination & manifestations
Pain
Past Illness CNS
Patellar Reflex
peripheral neuropathy
Plantar Reflex
polyneurpathy
posterior column disease
Proprioception
Rapid alternating movements
Reflex
Romberg’s Test
Sensory
slurred speech
Stereognosis
Summary CNS
Supinator Reflexes
System Review CNS
Tactile localization
Thalamic level
The Olfactory Nerve CN I
Tone & Power
Touch & Pain Test
Tremor & Tone assessment
Triceps Reflex
Trigeminal Nerve CN V
Two-Point Discrimination
UL Tone-Power
UL Touch, Pain, Proprioception test
Vagus Nerve CR X
Vertigo
Vestibulocochlear Nerve CR VIII
Vibration
General History & Exam
Chief - Presenting complaint
General & Skills of History & Examination
History of the present illness
History Taking Skills
Past medical history
GIT History & Exam
Asterix
Caput Medusa
Clubbing
Drug History GIT
Family History GIT
GIT and hepatobiliary symptoms
GIT Auscultation
GIT Exam
GIT History
GIT History & Exam
GIT Inspection
GIT Palpation
GIT Percussion
GIT System Notes
Gynecomastia
Halitosis
Heart Burn
History of Present Illness GIT
Lymphadenopathy
Other Git Symptoms
Past medical history GIT
Presenting complaints GIT
Social History GIT
Steatorrhoea
Vomiting & weight loss
Respiratory History & Exam
atelectasis
Bronchial
Broncho-vesicular
Conditions of RESP
Cough
Crackles
Diminished
Dyspnoea
Haemoptysis
Lung sounds
Pleural Friction Rub
RESP Auscultation
RESP Examination
RESP History
RESP History & Exam
RESP Inspection
RESP Palpation
RESP Percussion
Respiratory Landmarks
Respiratory System Anatomy
Ronchi
Sputum
Stridor
Vesicular
Wheeze
Wheezes
Clinical Medicine
MED checklists
MED OSCE Notes
Ethics
Topics
Ethics and Laws of Medical Practice
Ethics and laws of medical practice
Ethics
Medical Imaging
Topics
1- Introduction to Diagnostic imaging modalities
Angiography
CT
CT of GI tract & Biliary System
CT Respiratory & cardiovascular systems
Fluoroscopy
Introduction to Diagnostic imaging Modalities
Mammography
MRI
Nuclear Medicine
PET Scan
Ultrasound
X-ray
X-ray of Gi tract & Biliary System
X-ray Respiratory and cardiovascular systems
2- Radiation Safety and Contrast Media
Barium
Barium Enema
Barium Meal
Barium Sulfate
Barium Swallow
Contrast Media
Contrast Media Precautions
Contrast Radiography
deterministic effect
DSA
Radiation Protection
Radiation Safety
Stochastic effect
3,4 - Respiratory and cardiovascular systems imaging
Aortic Dissection
Bronchiectasis
CAP
Coarctation of the aorta
Dextrocardia
Emphysema
Hilar Nodes Enlargement
Lung Collapse
lung mass & nodule
Pericardial effusion
Pleural Effusions
PNEUMONECTOMY
Pneumothorax
Pulmonary Edema
Pulmonary Embolism
Pulmonary Tuberculosis
Q&A RESP & CVS IMG
Respiratory and cardiovascular systems imaging
Respiratory distress
Signs of Respiratory & Cardiovascular findings
Thymoma
Untitled
5,6 GI Tract & Biliary System
Abdominal calcification
Adrenal Calcification
Appendicitis
Bone infarction
Calcified Mesenteric Lymph Nodes
Cholecystitis
Cirrhosis
Colonic Carcinoma
Diverticulosis
Dysphagia
ERCP, MRCP, PTC Investigations
Esophageal varices
Faecoliths
Gall stones Calcifications
Gastric Carcinoma
Gastric Lymphoma
Glypressin
Imaging of GI Tract & Biliary System
Intestinal Obstruction
Liver Abscess
Liver Calcification
Liver cell Failure
Liver Haemangioma
Liver Metastasis
Malignant Ovarain Masses
Pancreatic Calcification
Pancreatic manifestations
Pneumoperitoneum
Portal hypertension
Q&A GI TRACT 1
Q&A GI TRACT 2
Radiology exam 1 2019 1
Ranitidine
Soft Tissue Calcifications
Somatostatin
Splenic Calcification
Splenic Trauma & Rupture
Subphrenic abscess
Terlipressin
Toxic megacolon
Ulcerative Colitis
US of GI Tract & Biliary
Vascular Calcification
Vasopressin
Volvus
7-8 Imaging of Musculoskeletal system
Alteration in the shape of a bone
Alteration in trabecular pattern
Aneurysmal bone cyst
Ankylosing spondylitis
Avascular (aseptic) necrosis
Boxer's Fracture
Calcific densities within the lesion
Chondrosarcoma
Cortical thickening
Cruciate Ligament
CT of Musculoskeletal System
decrease in bone density
Enchondroma
Expansion
Fluoroscopy of Musculoskeletal System
Galeazzi Fracture
giant cell tumors
Gouty Arthritis
Idiopathic avascular necrosis (Perthes disease)
Imaging of Musculoskeletal System
increase in bone density
Menisci Ligament
Monteggia fracture
MRI of Musculoskeletal System
MUSCULOSKELATAL TUMORS
Nuclear Medicine of Musculoskeletal System
osteoid osteoma
Osteomalacia
Osteomyelitis
Osteopetrosis
Osteoporosis
Osteosarcoma
Paget's Disease
Pelvic Fractures
Periosteal reaction
Sclerotic lesions
Supracondylar Fractures
The adjacent cortex
US of Musculoskeletal System
X-ray of Musculoskeletal System
Zone of transition
9- Imaging of Urinary System
Angiomyolipoma
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease
Bladder injury
CT of Urinary System
Cystourethrogram
Duplicate collecting system
Horseshoe kidney
Hydronephrosis
Imaging of Urinary system
IVU
MRI of Urinary System
Nephrocalcinosis
Nephrolithiasis
Perinephric abscess
Radiological Urinary System Cases
Renal Abscess
Renal Arteriogram of Urinary System
Renal cell carcinoma
Renal Mass
Renal Simple Cyst
Renal Trauma
Ultrasound of Urinary System
Urethral Injury
Urethral Stricture
Urinary Calculus
Vesicoureteral reflux
Wilms Tumor
X-ray of Urinary System
10 Imaging of Female Reproductive System
arcuate uterus
bicornuate uterus
Carcinoma of the cervix and body of the uterus
CT Scan of Female Reproductive System
Dermoid tumor
Detection of intrauterine contraceptive devices
Ectopic pregnancy
Fetal wellbeing
Hydatidiform mole
Hydrosalpinx
HysteroSalphingography
Imaging of Female Reproductive System
MRI of Female Reproductive System
Obstetrics trimesters
Ovarian cysts
Ovarian tumours
Polycystic ovarian syndrome
Post menopausal endometrium
Septate uterus
Ultrasound of Female Reproductive System
Unicornuate
Uterine Fibroids - Leiomyomas
11 Imaging of Male Reproductive System
Cryptorchidism
Doppler Ultrasound of Male Reproductive System
Epididymis
Epididymitis
Hydrocele
Imaging of Male Reproductive System
MRI of Male Reproductive System
Orchitis
Prostate
Prostatic Calcification
Seminomas
Testicular Abscess
Testicular Microlithiasis
Testicular Torsion
Testicular Tumors
Ultrasound of Male Reproductive System
Varicocele
12 Imaging of Skull & Brain
Abnormal head computed tomography
Acoustic Neuroma
Aging Brain
Angiography of Skull & Brain
Brain Edema
Brain Fracture
Brain Infarction
Brain Tumors
Cerebral Abscess
Corpus Callosum Agenesis
Cranial Vault Fracture
Craniopharyngioma
CT of Skull & Brain
Dandy walker Malformations
Epidural hematoma
Gliomas
Imaging of Skull & Brain
Intra Ventricular Hemorrhage
Ischemic stroke
Meningioma
Metastatic brain tumors
MRI of Skull & Brain
Multiple Sclerosis
Myeloma
Pituitary tumors
Q&A Cases Skull&Brain
Sinusitis
Skull
Subacute Hematoma
Subarachnoid hemorrhage
Subdural hematoma
Traumatic Brain Injury
Watershed Infarct
Windowing
X-ray of Skull & Brain
14- Imaging of the spine and spinal cord
Collapse of Vertebral bodies
CT of Spinal Vertebrae
Degenerative disk disease
Dense Vertebrae
Disc Space Narrowing
Extra-dural
Hemangioma
Imaging of the spine and spinal cord
Intra-dural extra-medullary
Intra-medullary
MRI of Spinal Vertebrae
Pedicle Abnormalities
Spinal Congenital anomalies
Spinal curvature
Spinal dysraphism
Spinal Metasteses
Spinal Schwannomas
Spine
Syringomyelia
X-ray of Spinal Vertebrae
15- Imaging of Thyroid and Parathyroid
Biopsy of Thyroid and Parathyroid
CT Imaging of Thyroid and Parathyroid
Hashimoto thyroiditis
Imaging of Thyroid and parathyroid
Multinodular goiter
Parathyroid Tumours
Radionuclide Studies Imaging of Thyroid and Parathyroid
Thyroid Adenoma
Thyroid Eye Disease
US Imaging of Thyroid and Parathyroid
Imaging Diagnosis Techniques
MIMG-OSPE
Skill
Topics
Arterial Acess
Allen's test
Arterial Access
Injection for Medication
Forms of injections
Injection
Intradermal Injection
Intramuscular injection
Subcutaneous Injection
Intravenous Cannulation
Intravenous Cannulation
Intubation
Endotracheal Intubation
Lumbar Puncture
Lumbar Puncture
Lumbar Puncture Procedure
preparation & Tools of LP
Spinal Meninges
Nasogastric Tube
Nasogastric Tube
Suturing
Basic Suturing
Principles And Techniques
Simple Interrupted Suturing
Surgical Needles & Instruments
Sutures
Wound healing, evaluation, preparation
Urethral Catheterization
Catheter Care
Urethral Catheterization
Urethral Catheterization Procedure
Vital Signs
Blood pressure
BMI
Brachial
Carotid
Dorsalis Pedis
Femoral
Popliteal
Pulse
Radial
Temporal
Tibialis Posterior
Vital Signs
Skill
SKILL OSPE OSCE Guide
Therapeutics
attachments
Exacerbating
Relieving Factors
Topics
1-Antimicrobials
Adverse effects of antimicrobial agents
Antimicrobial Introduction
Antimicrobial spectrum
Antimicrobials
Cidal
Culture Results
Ideal Antibiotic
Resistance to antimicrobial drugs
Selecting a therapeutic regimen
Static
Superinfection
Therapeutics Antimicrobial Tables
Types of Antimicrobial therapies
2- Quinolones, and Folate Antagonists
-Ve
+ve
5-methyltetrahydrofolate
CO-TRIMOXAZOLE
Folate Antagonists
Quinolones
Sulphonamides
Trimethoprim
Ve-
3,4- Anti-micro & cell wall inhibitors
Amidino-Penicillens
Amino-Penicillins
Amoxicillin
Ampicillin
Anti-Pseudomonal Penicillins
arthralgia
Augmentin
Bacitracin
Bacterial cell wall
BENZYL PENICILLIN
beta-lactam antimicrobials
Beta-lactams
Carbapenems
Cephalosporins
Clavulanic Acid
cycloserine
D-alanine
Dalbavancin & Oritavancin
Daptomycin
Fidaxomicin, Bezlotoxumab
Fosfomycin
Generations Cephalosporins
Glycopeptide
Herxheimer reaction
Lipoglycopeptide
Lipopeptides
Methenamine
Monobactams
neutropenia
Nitrofurantoin
Non Beta-lactams
ototoxicity
Penicillins
POLYMYXINS
Polypeptides
PREPARATIONS OF PENICILLINS
Prodrugs
pseudomembranous colitis
Red neck syndrome
renal dihydropeptidase
Resistant Penicillin
Telavancin
URINARY TRACT ANTISEPTICS ANTIMICROBIALS
Vancomycin
5- Antibiotics acting on Ribosomes
Amikacin & Netilmicin
Aminoglycosides
Anti-Ribosomal
azithromycin
Choloramphenicol
clarithromycin
Erythromycins
Fidaxomicin
Fusidic acid
Glycylcyclines
Lincosamides
Macrolides & Ketolides
Minor Antibiotics
Mupirocin
Neomycin & Gentamicin
OXAZOLIDINONES
Paromomycin
Plazomicin
Prevpac
Quinupristene, Dalfopristin, ((Linezolid))
Spectinomycin
Streptomycin
Telithromycin
Tetracyclines
Tobramycin
6- Rheumatic Fever
Group A Streptococcus
Rheumatic Fever
Rheumatic Fever Treatment
7-Respiratory Tract Infection
Acute Pharyngitis
Acute Sinusitis
common cold
LRT Infection
Respiratory Tract Infection
URT Infection
8- Typhoid Fever
Typhoid Fever
9- ANTITUBERCULOUS DRUGS
Anti-Tuberculosis
Anti-Tuberculosis Treatments
Antileprotics
Capreomycin
Clofazimine
DAPSONE
Ethambutol
Ethionamide
ISONIAZID
Leprosy
Mycobacterium
PAS
Pyrazinamide
Rifampin
RIFAMYCINS
10- Antifungals
Amphotericin B
Anti-Fungal
Azole
Candidiasis
Ciclopirox
Clotrimazole
cutaneous mycotic infections
Echinocandins
FLUCONAZOLE
Flucytosine
Fungus
Griseofulvin
Imidazoles
ISAVUCONAZOLE
ITRACONAZOLE
Ketoconazole
Miconazole
Nystatin
Other azoles
Posaconazole
Squalene epoxidase inhibitors
subcutaneous, systemic mycotic, Opportunistic mycoses infections
TERPENOIDS
Tolnaftate
Triazoles
VORICONAZOLE
12- Anti-viral
Acyclovir
Amantadine
Anti-HIV
Anti-Viral
Antivirals
GAMMA GLOBULINS
Ganciclovir
IDOXURIDINE
INHIBITION OF ASSEMBLY OR RELEASE OF VIRAL PARTICLES
INHIBITION OF ATTACHMENT TO OR PENETRATION OF HOST CELL
INHIBITION OF VIRAL UNCOATING
Interferons
Other anti-viral drugs
RIBAVIRIN
VIDARABINE
Viruses
ZIDOVUDINE
13- Anti-Helmintic
Albendazole
Anti-Helmintic
Bithionol
Cestodes
cysticercosis
Diethylcarbamazine
Ivermectin
leishmaniasis
Nematodes
Niclosamide
onchocerca
Piperazine
Praziquantel
Pyrantel pamoate
Trematodes
14- Anti-Cancer
Alkylating agents
Anti-Cancer
Anti-metabolites
cystitis
haematuria
Steroid hormones and antihormones
15- Anti-ameobic & Anti-malarial
Anti-Ameobic
Anti-Malarial
Chloroquine
Diloxinade Furpate
Emetine & Dihydroemetine
Iodoquinol
Mefloquine
Metronidazole
Primaquine
Quinine
16- Hypertension
ACEIs
Alpha adrenoceptors
Angiotensins
Antihypertensive special situations
ARBs
Autonomic ANS
Autonomic tone
Beta adrenoceptors
Beta-blockers
bronchospasm
CCBs
Central α2 stimulants
Chemical transmission
CNS Introduction
D1 receptor agonists
Diagnosis of hypertension
diazoxide
Direct vasodilators
Diuretics
HPTN & STROKE
HTN & Renal Artery Stenosis
Hydralazine
Hypertension Introduction
Hypertension Pathology
Hypertension Therapeutics
Hypertension Therapies & Treatments
Hypertensive cerebrovascular disease
Hypertensive crisis
Hypertensive Emergency
Hypertensive encephalopathy
Hypertensive nephrosclerosis
Hypertensive urgency
Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Lacunar infarct
LVH
Malignant hypertension
minoxidil
Oral versus parenteral therapy
Prazosin
Primary hypertension
renin
Reserpine
Resistant Hypertension
sodium nitroprusside
Therapy of Systemic Hypertension
α-methyldopa
β-blockers
17- IHD
Acute Coronary Syndrome Treatments
Angina pectoris
Antiarrhythmics
Antiplatelets
Associated Features
Atherosclerosis
Cardiac causes
Character
Chest Pain Case Scenarios
Cytoprotective drugs
General Guidelines of Hypertension treatment
IHD Treatments
Ischemic Heart Diseases
Ischemic Heart Diseases Therapeutics
Lipid-lowering therapy
nitrates & nitrites
NSTEMI & UNSTABLE ANGINA
Onset
Pain relief in Morphine MI
Radiation
Recanalization therapy
Severity
Site
Statin
Surgical treatment of IHD
Time course
Unfractionated heparin
18- Heart failure
Anticoagulants
Arteriolar vasodilators
Bi-ventricular failure
Cardiac Glycosides
Diastolic heart failure
Digitalis toxicity
dobutamine
Dopamine
Heart Failure Therapeutics
Investigation of Congestive Heart Failure
Ivabradine
Mechanical devices and surgical treatment of HF
Mixed vasodilators
Nesiritide
Non-pharmacological HF
Pharmacological HF
Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors
Pure left ventricular failure
Pure right ventricular failure
Systolic heart failure
Therapeutics Heart Failure
Treatment of acute pulmonary edema (cardiac asthma)
Venodilators
Diabetes Mellitus
Amylin analogs
Anti-diabetic drugs
Autonomic neuropathy
Biguanide
Biochemical Basis of clinical Manifestation of DM
Classification of Diabetes Mellitus
Continuous Insulin Infusion (Artificial pancreas)
Dawn phenomenon
Diabetic keto-acidosis (DKA)
Diabetic macroangiopathy
Diabetic microangiopathy
Diabetic Neuropathy
Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors
Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS)
Hypoglycemic coma
Incretins (GLP-1) mimetics
insulin
Insulin actions
Insulin administration
Insulin glargine
Insulin Lispro & Aspart
Insulin Receptor Stimulation
Insulin resistance
Insulin Secretion
Intermediate-ACTING INSULIN
Laboratory Diagnosis of DM
LADA
Metabolic syndrome
MODY
Primary DM
Pseudo-insulin resistance
Regular, neutral, soluble insulin
Repaglinide & Nateglinide
Semi-Lente insulin
Sensorimotor neuropathy
Sodium-Glucose Cotransporters
Starch blockers
Sulphonylureas
Thiazolidinediones
Type 1 DM
Type 2 DM
Types Of Diabetes Mellitus
Ultra-lente insulin-insulin zinc suspension
Emergency Therapeutics
Acetaminophen
ACETAMINOPHEN Toxicity
Acetylcholine
ADRENOCORTICAL STEROIDS Toxicity
Atropine
Atropine toxicity
Cardiac Arrest
Cholinesterase re-activators (oximes)
Emergency ACH Conditions
Emergency Therapeutics
IRON Toxicity
Irreversible cholineesterase inhibitors
Malignant Hyperthermia (Hereditary Condition)
Morphine
MORPHINE Toxicity
myasthenia gravis
Neostigmine
NEUROMUSCULAR BLOCKING AGENTS
Neuromuscular blocking agents toxicity
PARASYMPATHOLYTICS (Muscarinic antagonists)
Physostigmine
SALICYLATE toxicity
Status Epilepticus
Liver
5’-nucleotidase
Alanine amino transferase
Alkaline phosphatase
Aspartate amino transferase
Bilirubin
Gamma glutamyl transferase
Hemo-Bilirubin Metabolism
Hepatic Encephalopathy
Hepatitis A Virus
Hepatitis B Virus
Hepatitis C Virus
Hepatitis D Virus
Hepatitis E Virus
Hepatology Cases
Lactitol
Lactulose
Liver function Test
Liver hepatitis Cases
Liver Therapeutics
Neomycin
Paracentesis
Pathology Cirrhosis
Prothrombin
Rifamixin
Serum Albumin
Viral Hepatitis
Peptic Ulcer
Aluminum Hydroxide
Antacids
Anticholinergic Drugs
Autoimmune Gastritis
Bismuth Subsalicylate
Calcium Carbonate
CARBENOXOLONE
Erosion
Erosive and hemorrhagic gastritis
Gastro-Esophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)
Gaviscon
H2 Receptor Antagonists
Helicobacter Pylori Gastritis
Magnesium Salts
Peptic Ulcer Therapeutics
Prostaglandins analogues
Proton Pump Inhibitors
Sodium Bicarbonate
Sucralfate
Respiratory
Acute Severe Asthma
Adrenocortical steroids
Asthma Therapeutics
BETA STIMULANTS SELECTIVE FOR RESPIRATORY TRACT
Beta-adrenergic agonists
Leukotriene inhibitors
Lung volumes and capacities
Mast Cell Stabilizers
Muscarinic receptor anatgonists
NON-SELECTIVE B-STIMULANTS
Spirometry
Xanthines
Thyroid
Antithyroid Drugs
Barbiturates
Beta-Blockers Thyroid
Biosynthesis of thyroid hormones
Gestational DM
Iodides
Perchlorate
RADIOACTIVE IODINE
Regulation and control of thyroid function
Secondary DM
Surgical Thyroidectomy
Thiouracil Drugs
Thyroid Function Test
Thyroid Hormone Therapeutics
Thyroid Hormones
Thyroid Hormones Biochemistry
Thyrotoxic crisis
Transport of thyroid hormones in blood
OSPE Therapeutics
Therapeutics
Therapeutics Framework
Level 8
Level 9
Internal medicine
IM Cardiology
Aortic Valvular Heart Disease
Aortic regurgitation
Aortic stenosis
Aortic Valvular Heart Diseases
Congestive Heart Failure
Congestive Heart Failure
Congestive heart failure Management & Treatment
Coronary Artery Disease-Syndrome
ACS Case scenarios
Acute Coronary Syndrome
Angina
Coronary Artery
Coronary artery bypass grafting
Coronary Artery Diseases
NSTEMI
Percutaneous coronary intervention
STEMI
Surgical Interventions CAD
Treatment & Management of CAD
HTN
HTN
Renal Artery stenosis
Ischemic Heart Diseases
atrial fibrillation
Mitral Valvular Diseases
Mitral Regurgitation
Mitral Stenosis
Mitral valvular Diseases
IM Case Scenarios
CCTD OSCE IM
CCTD1
CCTD2
CCTD3
Clinical IM
CNS Hx & Exam
CVS Hx & Exam
GIT Hx & Exam
History Taking & Examination
Other IM Cases
RESP Hx & Exam
URIN Hx & Exam
IM CS-OSPE
CARDIOLOGY CS-OSPE
ENDOCRINOLOGY CS-OSPE
GASTROENTEROLOGY CS-OSPE
HEMOPOIETIC CS-OSPE
IM CS-OSPE
NEPHROLOGY CS-OSPE
NEUROLOGY CS-OSPE
Others CS-OSPE
PULMONOLOGY CS-OSPE
RHEUMATOLOGY CS-OSPE
IM Endocrinology
Addisons Disease
Addison's Disease
Cushing's Syndrome
Cushing's Syndrome
Diabetes Mellitus
Acute hyperglycemia
Acute hypoglycemia
CLINICAL MANAGEMENT OF DIABETES MELLITUS
Diabetes Mellitus
Diabetic ketoacidosis
Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state
Management of diabetic emergencies
Thyroid
Goiter
Thyroid
Thyroid Investigations
thyroid q&a
IM Gastroenterology
Ascites
Ascites
BUDD-CHIARI SYNDROME
SPONTANEOUS BACTERIAL PERITONITIS
Hepatitis
Hepatitis
IBD
Creepy Fat appearance
Crohn's Disease
Erythema nodosum
Inflammatory Bowel Disease
pyoderma gangrenosum
transmural ulcers
Jaundice
Jaundice
Malaria
Malaria
Peptic Ulcer
Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD)
PUD Investigations
PUD Pathogenesis
PUD Treatment
IM Hemopoietic
Bleeding Disorders
Bleeding Disorders
Primary Hemostasis
Secondary Hemostasis
Vitamin K deficiency
Hemophilia
Hemarthrosis
Hemophilia
Immune Thrombocytopenia
Immune Thrombocytopenia
Lymphoma
Hodgkin's Lymphoma
Lymphoma
Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma
Megaloblastic Anemia
Folic acid
Megaloblastic Anemia
Megaloblastic Anemia-DESKTOP-BLMRRNM
Pernicious Anemia
Pernicious Anemia-DESKTOP-BLMRRNM
Vitamin B12
Sickle Cell
Acute chest syndrome
Aplastic crisis
Hemolytic crisis
Megaloblastic Crisis
Pain Crisis
SCD Investigations
Sickle cell Disease
Splenic sequestration crisis
Treatments for SCD
Vaso-occlusive pain crisis
Thalassemia
Alpha Thalassemia
Beta Thalassemia
Thalassemia
Von Willebrand's Disease
Von Willebrand's Disease
IM Nephrology
Acute Renal Failure
Acute Renal Failure
Post-renal ARF
Pre-renal ARF
Renal ARF
Chronic Renal Failure
Chronic Renal Failure
uACR
Dialysis
Dialysis
HEMODIALYSIS
PERITONEAL DIALYSIS
Nephritic Syndrome
Alport Syndrome
Alport Syndrome-dralk-ms-safeBackup-0001
Azotemia
Churg-Strauss syndrome
cryoglobulinemia
Membranoproliferative GN
Nephritic Syndrome
Rapid Progressive GN (Crescentic GN)
Nephrotic Syndrome
Diabetic Nephropathy
Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis
Membranous Nephropathy
Minimal change disease
Nephrotic syndrome
UTI
Urinary Tract Infection
IM Neurology
Encephalitis
Encephalitis
Headaches
Cluster Headache
ergotamine
Headaches
Migraine Headache
Primary Headaches
Secondary Headaches
Tension Headache
Triptans
Meningitis
Meningitis
Seizures and Epilepsy
Absence Seizure
Atonic Seizure
Benign childhood epilepsy
Electroencephalography
Epilepsy
Functional neuroimaging
Generalized Seizure
Landau Kleffner Syndrome
Lennox-Gastaut syndrome
Myoclonic Seizure
Partial Seizure
Seizures
Structural neuroimaging
Tonic-Clonic Seizure
West syndrome
Stroke
Stroke
IM Pulmonology
Acid Base Balance
Acid Base Balance
Metabolic Acidosis
Metabolic Alkalosis
Respiratory Acidosis
Respiratory Alkalosis
Asthma
angioedema
Asthma
Asthma Managements treatment Guidelines
Diagnosis of Asthma & Severity
Inhaler technique
Leukotriene
Peak Flow Meter
Brucellosis
Brucellosis
pancytopenia
Pleural Disorders
Asbestosis
Flash pulmonary edema
Mesothelioma
mononeuritus multiplex
Pleural Disorders
Pleural Effusion
pulmonary Vasculitis
Pulmonology Q&A
purpura
Pulmonary Function Test
ABGs
DLCO
Peak expiratory flow
Pulmonary function test
Tuberculosis
Sarcoidosis
Tuberculosis
IM Rheumatology
APA Syndrome
APA Syndrome
ARF
Acute Rheumatic Fever
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Rheumatoid Arthritis
SLE
SLE
Wilson's Disease
Wilson's Disease
IM Schedule
IM Orientation - Schedule
IM Orientation - Schedule-DESKTOP-BLMRRNM
Internal Medicine
SMLE IM Q&A
Pediatrics
CL pedia
Pediatrics CE-OSCE
Acid Base Balance - OSCE
Congenital-heamo-infectious - OSPE
Growth charts - OSCE
Neonatal jaundice Hx
Pedia CVS Exam CE
Pedia Examination - CE
Pedia GIT examination - CE
Pedia History - CE-OSCE
Pedia RESP Exam CE
Pediatrics - OSCE
Pediatrics Breast counseling
Pediatrics CE
Radiological-noted-others- OSCE
Pediatrics CS-OSPE
Cardiovascular-Respiratory - CS-OSPE
Digestive-Endocrine - CS-OSPE
fluids electrolytes CS OSPE
Growth-pediatric nutrition and nutritional disorders - CS-OSPE
Hematology - CS-OSPE
human genetics and dysmorphology - CS-OSPE
Immunology Hematology CS-OSPE
Infectious Disease - CS-OSPE
Nephrology - CS-OSPE
Neurology, Acutely ill, injured - CS-OSPE
Noted pedia cs-ospe
Pediatrics CS-OSPE
Pediatrics CS-OSPE-dralk-ms-safeBackup-0002
Radiology - CS-OSPE
Pediatrics Systems
Cardiovascular
Congenital Heart Disease
Atrial Septal Defect
Coarctation of Aorta
Congenital Heart Disease
Ebstein’s Anomaly
Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome
Patent Ductus Arteriosus
Pulmonary Atresia
Pulmonary Stenosis
Tetralogy of Fallot
transposition of great arteries
Ventricular Septal Defect
Digestive
Celiac Disease
Celiac Disease
Cystic Fibrosis
Cystic Fibrosis
Diarrhea
Acute Diarrhea
Chronic Diarrhea
Diarrhea
Neonatal Jaundice
Biliary Atresia
Cholestasis
Hemolytic disease of the newborn
Jaundice breast milk
Kernicterus
Neonatal Jaundice
Pathological Jaundice
Physiological Jaundice
Syndromes of Jaundice
Hematology
Hemolytic Anemia
G6PD Deficiency
Hemolytic Anemia
Hemolytic Diseases
Hereditary Spherocytosis
Nutritional Anemia
Iron Therapy
Nutritional Anemia
Infectious Disease
Lower Respiratory Tract Infection
Aspiration Pneumonia
Bronchiolitis
Lower Respiratory Tract Infection
Lung Abscess
Necrotizing pneumonia
Pneumatoceles
Pneumonia
Measles, mumps, rubella, rubeola, Parvovirus, and EBV
()
Erythema Infectiosum
Measles
Measles, mumps, rubella, rubeola, Parvovirus, and EBV
Mononucleosis
Mumps
Q&A MMRERM
Roseola Infantum
Rubella
scarlet fever ,H.flu ,pertussis & tetanus infections
scarlet fever ,H.flu ,pertussis & tetanus infections
Haemophilus Influenza
Pertussis
Scarlet Fever
scarlet fever ,H.flu ,pertussis & tetanus infections
Upper Respiratory Tract Infection
Acute Otitis Media
Chronic tonsillitis
Rhinitis
Upper Respiratory Tract Infection
Nephrology
Approach to Hematuria
Acute Post-Streptococcal Glomerulonephritis
Approach to Hematuria
Henoch–Schönlein Purpura
IgA Nephropathy
Glomerulonephritis
Glomerulonephritis Post Infectious
Nephrotic Syndrome
Congenital Nephrotic Syndrome
Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis
Nephrotic Syndrome
Proteinuria
Steroid Resistant Nephrotic Syndrome
Urine Sample Collection
Urine sample collection
Neurology
Meningitis & Encephalitis
Meningitis & Encephalitis
Q&A Meningitis & encephalitis
Seizure
Epilepsy Auras
Febrile Seizure
Infantile Epileptic Spasms Syndrome
Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy
Q&A Seizures
Rolandic Epilepsy
Seizure
Rheumatic - Immunology - Allergy
Kawasaki Disease
Kawasaki Disease
Pediatrics Topics
BEHAVIORAL - PSYCHIATRIC- PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDERS
Development and behavior
Abnormal Sleep Patterns
Development and behavior
Enuresis
Infantile Colic
Separation Anxiety Disorder
Temper Tantrums
FLUIDS AND ELECTROLYTES
Acids & Base balance disorders
Acids & Base balance
Acids & Base balance-dralk-ms-safeBackup-0001
Examples Acid Base Balance
Fluids & Electrolyte Disturbance
Hyperkalemia
Hypernatremic Dehydration
Hypokalemia
Hyponatremic Dehydration
Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone Mechanism
GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT
Failure to thrive
Failure to thrive
Growth and Short stature
Constitutional Growth Delay
Genetic short stature
Growth and Short stature
Growth hormone deficiency
Short Stature
Short Stature - TUTORIAL
Head Abnormality
CRANIOSYNOSTOSIS
Dandy walker malformation
Head Abnormality
Hydrocephalus
MACROCEPHALY
MICROCEPHALY
Puberty
Puberty
Routine care and resuscitation
Erythema toxicum neonatorum
Milia
Mongolian spot
Routine care and resuscitation
Salmon patch
Sebaceous Hyperplasia
HUMAN GENETICS AND DYSMORPHOLOGY
Chromosomal abnormalities
AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT
AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE
Chorionic villus sampling
Chromosomal abnormalities
Chromosomal abnormalities-dralk-ms-safeBackup-0001
Chromosomal Abnormality Examination
X-LINKED DOMINANT
X-LINKED RECESSIVE
Genetic Syndromes
Achondroplasia
Down Syndrome
Edward Syndrome
Genetic Syndromes
Genetic Syndromes-dralk-ms-safeBackup-0001
Klinefelter Syndrome
Marfan Syndrome
Patau Syndrome
Turner Syndrome
Turner Syndrome-dralk-ms-safeBackup-0001
Williams Syndrome
PEDIATRIC NUTRITION AND NUTRITIONAL DISORDERS
Breast Feeding
Breast Engorgement
Breast Feeding
Formula Feeding
Mastitis
Perceived Insufficiency and Low Breast-Milk Production
Short-Term Separation Such as Employment Outside the Home
Sore or Fissured Nipple
Malnutrition
Kwashiorkor
Malnutrition
Marasmus
Rickets
Calcipenic Rickets
Hypocalcemia
Phosphopenic Rickets
Rickets
Vitamin D Deficient Rickets
Vitamins Deficiency
Vitamins Deficiency
THE ACUTELY ILL OR INJURED CHILD
Birth Injuries
Birth Injuries
Cranial injuries
Dislocation
Facial injuries
Fractures
Nerve injuries
Soft tissue injuries
Visceral injuries
Neonatal respiratory Distress
Neonatal respiratory Distress
Neonatal respiratory Distress-dralk-ms-safeBackup-0001
Neonatal respiratory Distress-dralk-ms-safeBackup-0002
Prematurity Complications
Diaphragmatic hernia
Intraventricular Hemorrhage
Meconium aspiration syndrome
Necrotizing Enterocolitis
Prematurity complications
Pulmonary air leaks
Respiratory distress syndrome
Transient tachypnoea of newborn
Approach to cyanosis in neonates
THE PROFESSION OF PEDIATRICS
Communication skills in pediatrics
Communication skills in pediatrics
Pediatrics History & Exam
Pediatrics History & Exam
Pediatrics History Taking
Pediatrics Physical Examination
Pediatrics Introduction
Pediatrics Course Guidelines
Pediatrics Introduction
Pediatrics Introduction-dralk-ms-safeBackup-0001
Pediatrics
Surgery
CL Surgery
Surgery CCTD
Surgery CCTD-OSCE
Surgery CE
Abdomen Hx & Exam - CE
Breast Hx & Exam - CE
Diabetic Foot, Extremities, Ulcers Hx & Exam - CE
Hernia Hx & Exam - CE
Neck Swelling Hx & Exam - CE
Surgery CE
Surgery CS-OSPE
Endocrine Surgery CS-OSPE
Gastrointestinal CS-OSPE
Imaging Surgery CS-OSPE
others others
Others Surgery CS-OSPE
Peri-Post-skill Surgery CS-OSPE
S Surgery CS-OSPE
Surgery CS-OSPE
Swelling, Ulcer, Diabetic, Scars, Peripheral CS-OSPE
Gastrointestinal Surgery
Abdomen & Perineal History & Exam
Abdomen History & Exam
Perineal History & Examination
Abdominal wall & Hernia
Abdominal wall
Desmoid tumour
Diseases of Umbilicus
Epigastric hernia
femoral hernia
Groin hernias
Hernia
Hernia History & Examination
Hernioplasty
HERNIORRHAPHY
Herniotomy
Incisional hernia
Rectus sheath haematoma
Umbilical & Para-umbilical hernia
Acute Abdomen
Acute Abdomen
Acute Abdomen by region
Chronic Pancreatitis
Mesenteric Ischemia
Pancreatitis
Peritonitis
Anorectal
Anal abscess
Anal cancer
Anal Fissure
Anorectal
Fistula in Ano
Hemorrhoids
Biliary Tract
Acute Cholecystitis
Biliary Colic
Biliary Tract
Cholangitis
Choledocholithiasis
Chronic Cholecystitis
Gallstones
Tumors of Biliary Tract
Large Bowel
Colon cancer
Colonic polyps
Colonic volvulus
Diverticular disease
Ischemic colitis
Large Bowel
Large bowel obstruction
Liver
Amoebic liver abscess
Cholangiocarcinoma
Hepatocellular carcinoma
Hydatid liver disease
Liver
Liver Abscesses
Pyogenic liver abscess
Tumors of Liver
Pancreas
Gallstone Pancreatitis
Gastrointestinal bleeding
Infected pancreatic necrosis
Left sided portal hypertension
Neoplasms of the pancreas
Pancreas
Pancreatic abscess
pancreatic pseudocyst
Progressive jaundice
Peritoneum & Retroperitoneal
Generalized Peritonitis
Localized Peritonitis
Mesenteric Cysts
Neoplasms of Peritoneum
Peritoneum
Peritoneum peritonitis
Primary Peritonitis
Retroperitoneal
Retroperitoneal fibrosis
Retroperitoneal Infections
Retroperitoneal Malignancies
Torsion of Greater Omentum
Tuberculous Peritonitis
Small Bowel
Adenocarcinoma Small bowel
Bowel obstruction
Carcinoids Small bowel
Intussusception
Meckel's diverticulum
Paralytic Ileus
Short gut syndrome
Small Bowel
Small bowel lymphoma
Small bowel neoplasm
Spleen
Haemolytic Anaemia
Hypersplenism
Proliferative disorders
Spleen
Splenectomy
Splenic Injury
Stomach & duodenum
Ectopic Pancreas
Gastric & duodenal neoplasm
Gastric Adenocarcinoma
Gastric Polyps
Gastrinoma - ZOLLINGER–ELLISON SYNDROME
Gastritis
Gastroduodenal
Gastrointestinal stromal tumors - GIST
Hiatus Hernia
Surgery imaging
Surgery imaging
Principles of Perioperative Care
Body Response to Injury
acute-phase protein
Body Response to Injury
negative nitrogen balance
Fluids, Electrolytes, Acid base disorders
Fluids, electrolytes, Acid base disorders
Potassium
Haemostasis, coagulation & blood transfusion
Haemostasis, coagulation & blood transfusion
Investigation of Surgical Patients
Investigation of Surgical Patients
Lab Interpretation
Acute Pancreatitis
Calcium
Coagulation Profile
Complete Blood Count
Lab Interpretation
Lipid Profile
Sepsis Screen
Thyroid Profile
Tumour Markers
Preoperative assessment, Post-operative
Preoperative assessment, Post-operative
Principles of surgical oncology
Cancer Screening
Debulking surgery
Diagnostic surgery
Familial adenomatous polyposis
Needle Biopsy
Palliative surgery
Preventive prophylactic surgery
Principles of surgical oncology
Restoration surgery
Staging
Supportive surgery
Tumor Markers
Shock
Anaphylactic Shock
Cardiogenic Shock
Hypovolemic Shock
Neurogenic Shock
Septic Shock
Shock
Surgery Introduction
Surgery Introduction
Surgical Infection
Abscesses
Acute Paronychia
Carbuncle
Cellulitis
Enterocolitis
Erysipelas
Folliculitis
Furuncle
Gas gangrene
Hydradenitis suppurativa
Ingrown Nail
Necrotizing fasciitis
Nosocomial infections
Pressure Sore
Surgical infection
Surgical site infection
Tetanus
Surgical Nutritional Support
Anthropometric measurements
Biochemical Assessment
Carbohydrate
Enteral Feeding
Fat
immunological assessment
Postoperative Nutritional Support
Protein
Reduced Gut Barrier Function
Surgical Nutritional Support
Total parenteral nutrition
Trauma Surgery
Abdominal injury
Airway & cervical spine protection
Bowel Injury
Breathing & ventilation
Circulation
Disability
Exposure & Environmental
Flail chest
Head injury
Hemothorax
Liver injury
Open pneumothorax
Pancreatic Injury
Renal Injury
Spinal cord injury
Tension pneumothorax
Thoracic injury
Trauma Surgery
Wound Healing
Wound Healing
Surgical specialties
Adrenal Gland
Adrenal gland
Hyperaldosteronism
Pheochromocytoma
Breast
Breast
Breast Abcess
Breast Cancer
Breast Cysts
Breast Lipoma
Core biopsy
Disorder of Cyclical Change
Duct Ectasia
Duct papilloma
Fibroadenoma
FNAC
Frozen Section
hormone therapy
Inflammatory breast carcinoma
Invasive Ductal Carcinoma
Invasive Lobular Carcinoma
Local therapy
Non-invasive Breast Cancer
Open biopsy
Paget’s disease
Phyllodes Tumor
phylloides tumor
Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy
systemic therapy
Ultrasonography
Common Neck Swelling
Bacterial Infection
Branchial cyst
Calcular disease
Carotid Body Tumour
Cervical Lymphadenopathy
Cold Abscess
Common Neck Swellings
Cystic Hygroma
Pharyngeal Pouch
Ranula
Salivary gland swellings
Sternomastoid tumor
Sublingual, Cervical Dermoid Cyst
Thyroglossal cyst
Thyroglossal Fistula
Diabetic Foot
Callus
Charcot Foot
Diabetic Foot
Diabetic Foot History & Examination
Endocrine Surgery
Anaplastic Carcinoma
Carcinoembryonic Antigen
Endocrine Surgery
follicular carcinoma
medullary carcinoma
papillary carcinoma
Riedel’s thyroiditis
Simple goitre
Solitary Thyroid Nodule
Thyroid Carcinoma
Thyroid Cyst
Extremities
Acute Ischemia
Arterial Hx & Exam
Beurger's Disease
Chronic Ischemia
DVT
Extremities History & Examination
Gangrene
Lymphatic Hx & Exam
Raynaud's Disease
Superficial thrombophlebitis
Thoracic Outlet Syndrome
Venous Hx & Exam
Venous ulcer
Neck
Surgery Neck
Parathyroid
Hyperparathyroidism
Hypoparathyroidism
Parathyroid
Swelling & Ulcer
Swelling & Ulcer
Surgery
Level 9
Level 10
Anesthesia
Topics
Airway anatomy & Assesment
Airway anatomy & Assesment
Airway patency Assesments
Anatomy of the Airway
Physical Exam & General Emergency Airway Management
ECG Anasthesia
Arrhythmia Formation
ECG
ECG Anesthesia
ECG Interpretations
Normal Impulse Conduction
NSR Parameters
Rhythm Analysis
Rhythm Examples
Rhythm Summary
The ECG Paper
The PQRST
General & Local Anesthesia
Benzodiazepines
Bupivacaine
Desflurane
Etomidate
General & Local Anesthesia
General Anesthesia
Halothane
Inhaled Anesthetic Agents
Isoflurane
Ketamine
Lidocaine
Local Anesthesia
Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Nitrous Oxide
Objectives
Opioids
Prevention and Treatment of Toxicity and Adjuncts
Propofol
Ropivacaine
Sevoflurane
Volatile Anesthetics
Neurological anasthesia
Anesthesia Techniques
Complications of Anesthesia
Epidural Anesthesia
Meninges
Neuraxial Blockade
Neurological Anesthesia
Peripheral Nerve Blocks
Post-Dural Puncture Headache (PDPH)
Spinal Anatomy
Spinal Anesthesia
Spinal Cord Structure
Systemic Toxicity of Neurological Anathesia
Surgical Anasthesia
Anesthesia Instrument and Tools
Anesthesia monitoring
ASA Classification
Goals and Benefits of Preanesthesia Evaluation
Overview of Anesthesia Machines
Perioperative Fluid Management
Post Anesthesia Care Unit (PACU)
Preoperative Assessment and Preparation
Special Issues in Preoperative Evaluation
Surgical Anesthesia
Anesthesia
Dermatology
Dermatology
ENT
CL ENT
ENT Slideshow
ENT Slideshow
ENT-cs
ENT Cs
ENT Presentation
ENT Timetable
Topics
Airway Obstruction
Acquired Upper Airway Obstruction
Acquired Vocal Cord Paralysis
Airway Obstruction
Choanal Atresia
Clinical Assessment of Upper Airway Obstruction
Congenital Pharyngeal Obstruction
Congenital Subglottic Stenosis
Congenital Upper Airway Obstruction
Cricothyroidectomy
cs airway obs
Foreign Body Aspiration (FBA)
Nasal Masses
Subglottic Haemangioma
Thermal Injury
Tracheostomy
Vocal Cord Paralysis
Ear
Audiology
Audiogram Interpretation
Audiology
Audiology Tests
Auditory Brain Stem Response
Charts audiology
Hearing Tests
Otoacoustic Emissions
Pure Tone Audiometry
Speech Audiometry
Tympanometry
dizziness
Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV)
Dizziness
Ménière’s Disease
Orthostatic Hypotension
Spontaneous Nystagmus
Vestibular Neuritis
External Ear Disorders
Anotia
Bat ear
External Ear Disorders
Haematoma of the auricle
Keloid of auricle
Malignant otitis externa
Microtia
Otitis externa
Otomycosis
Perichondritis
Preauricular pit or sinus
Wax Deafness
Hearing loss
Hearing loss
Hearing Loss in Children
Otosclerosis
Ototoxic Drugs
Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss
Tinnitus
Otitis media & cholesteatoma
Adhesive otitis media
Brain Abscess
Cholesteatoma
Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media
Complications of Otitis Media
Epidural Abscess
Facial nerve paralysis
Labyrinthine fistula
Mastoiditis
Otitis Media
Serous Otitis Media
Subdural Abscess
Table Complications otitis media
Venous Sinus Thrombosis
Balance
case scenarios ear
Ear
External Ear
Hearing
Inner Ear
Middle Ear
Facial nerve
Bell’s Palsy
Causes of Facial Paralysis
Diagnosis of Facial Nerve Paralysis
Facial Nerve
Facial Nerve VII
Facial Paralysis
Herpes Zoster Oticus
Investigations for Facial Paralysis
Neuropraxia & wallerian Degeneration
Pathology of Facial Nerve Paralysis
Surgical Anatomy of the Facial Nerve
Treatment of Facial Paralysis
Head & Neck Tumors
Benign Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma
Cancer Pyriform Fossa
Case scenario head and neck tumors
Hypopharynx Tumors
Larynx Tumors
Nasopharynx Malignant Tumors
Nasopharynx Tumors
Oropharynx Tumors
Pharynx Tumors
Post-Cricoid Carcinoma
Tumor classification
Larynx
Acute Viral Laryngitis
Croup
Diphtheritic Laryngitis
Dysphonia
Epiglottitis
Fungal Laryngitis
Laryngeal Web
Laryngomalacia
Larynx
Larynx Anatomy
Larynx Physiology
Malignant Neoplasms of the Larynx
Respiratory Papillomatosis
Subglottic Hemangioma
Subglottic Stenosis
Traumatic Conditions of the Larynx
Vocal Cord Immobility
Neck Swellings
Ectopic thyroid
Laryngocele
Lateral swellings
Midline swelling
Neck
Subhyoid bursitis
Submandibular salivary gland swelling
Submandibular salivary tumor
Submandibular sialoadenitis
Submental & submandibular LN swellings
Swellings in the posterior triangle
Nose
Acute Bacterial Rhinosinusitis
Acute Rhinosinusitis (ARS)
Acute Vestibulitis & Furunculosis
ANATOMY OF SINO-NASAL TRACT
ANATOMY OF THE PARANASAL SINUSES
Chronic Rhinosinusitis
Ciliary Dysfunction
Cleaning and filtering inspired air
Congenital Anomalies
Development Of The Nose & Sinuses
Deviated Nasal Septum
Epistaxis
External nose
Hematoma of the Septum
Investigation of Nasal Diseases
NASAL CAVITY
Nasal Obstruction
Nasal Vessels
Nose
Olfactory
Perforation of Septum
Respiratory channel
Rhinosinusitis
The Lining Mucosa
Turbinate Hypertrophy
Viral Rhinosinusitis
Warming and humidifying inspired air
Pharynx
Acute Tonsillitis
Adenoid
Angular Stomatitis
Aphthous Ulcer
Chronic Pharyngitis
cs-ent
Deglutition
Diphtheria
Infections and Abscesses of Pharynx
Infectious Mononucleosis
Ludwing’s Angina
monoliasis
Parapharyngeal Abscess
Peritonsillar Abscess
Pharynx
Pharynx Anatomy
Relations and Spaces
Retropharyngeal Abscess
Sleep Apnea
Tonsillectomy
Zenker’s Diverticulum
Salivary Glands
Acute Bacterial Sialoadenitis
Acute Viral Parotitis
Anatomy - Salivary Gland
Autoimmune Salivary Diseases
Carcinoma of Salivary Glands
Chronic Sialoadenitis
Infections (Sialoadenitis)
Monomorphic Adenoma (Warthin's Tumor)
Physiology - Salivary Glands
Pleomorphic Adenoma (Mixed Tumor)
Recurrent Subacute and Chronic Pyogenic Sialoadenitis
Salivary Glands
Salivary Stones (Sialolithiasis)
Thyroid Gland
Blood Supply
Medullary Carcinoma
Thyroid Gland
Thyroid Neoplasm
Truama & Foreign Bodies
Blow-out Fracture Sinus Trauma
Caustic Ingestion
CS Presentaitons FB
CSF Rhinorrhea
Ear Trauma
Foreign Bodies Tracts
Foreign Body in External Ear
Laryngeal Trauma
Middle Ear Trauma
Nasal Foreign Bodies
Nasal Septum Injury
Nasal Trauma
Septal Hematoma
Synechia
Temporal Bone Fractures
Traumatic Septal Perforation
Traumatic TM Perforation
ENT
Family Medicine
CL FM
CL Cases
Topics
Case Abdomianl Pain Student
Case Abdomianl Pain Student
Case Asthma
Case Asthma
Case Chest Pain
Case Chest Pain
Case DM
Case DM
Case Headache
Case Headache
Case Lowerback pain
Case Lowerback pain
Case Sore Throat
Case Sore Throat
Case-Depression
Case-Depression
Communication & Consultation
Communication & Consultation
Cranial Nerve Exam
Cranial Nerve Exam
CWC Q&A
CWC Q&A
ECG IN ACS
ECG IN ACS
HTN Case
HTN case
Inhaler use
Inhaler use
Knee exam
Knee exam
PFM
PFM
SHAMS Guielines Summary
SHAMS Guielines Summary
FM CL Cases
OSPE OSCE FM
Back Pain HX & Exam OSCE
Chest Pain Hx OSCE
Cranial nerve Exam OSCE
Depression Hx OSCE
Diabetic Foot Exam OSCE
FM OSCE
FM OSPE
Headache Hx OSCE
HTN Hx OSCE
IBS Hx OSCE
Knee Exam OSCE
Other cases hx OSCE
Peak flow meter Exam OSCE
Sore throat Hx OSCE
FM ACP
FM Timetable
Topics
Abdominal Pain
Abdominal Pain
Cs Abdominal pain
Dyspepsia
IBS Investigations & Diagnosis
IBS Pathogenesis
IBS Treatment & Management
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)
Anaemia
Anaemia
Anemia CBC Data Interpretation
CS Anemia
IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA (IDA)
Polycythemia
Sideroblastic Anemia
Antenatal Care
Antenatal Care
Antenatal Care Guidelines
Fetal Assessment
Maternal Assessment
Natal Screening & Preventive Measures
Nutritional Assessment
Routine ANC
Baby care
baby care
Breastfeeding
Developmental Milestones
Immunizations
Pediatrics Screening
Schedule for Well-Care Visits
Well Baby Clinic
Back Pain
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Back Pain
Back Pain HX & Examination
Back pain Management & Treatment
Diagnosis of Back Pain
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
BPH Etio-pathophysiology
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Bronchial asthma
Approach to Patients with Shortness of Breath
Asthma Epidemiology & Etiology
Asthma Investigations & Criteria
Asthma Pathophysiology
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Chest Pain
Chest Pain Etio-pathophysiology
Chest Pain Investigations & Diagnosis
Chest pain objectives
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Communication Skills
Breaking Bad News
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PRE-TEST Communication
What is Communication skills
Consultation
Barriers of Effective Consultation
Consultation
Consultation Models
Introduction to Consultation
Depression and Anxiety
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Diabetes Mellitus
DM Etio-pathophysiology
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Case Dizziness
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FM Introduction
FM Introduction
Future of FM in SA
Future of FM in SA
Geriatric Care
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Headache
Headache History & Examination
Headache Investigations
Hypertension
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HTN Etio-pathophysiology
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Hypertension
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Comorbidity of obesity
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OSCE
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cs smoking
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Sore Throat
Centor Score
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Understanding Sore Throat
Thyroid Disorders Approach
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Urinary Tract Infection
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UTI Investigations & Diagnosis
UTI Pathophysiology & Etiology
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Family Medicine
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CL Optha
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Framework Ophthalmology
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Endophthalmitis
Eye Anatomy
Metabolic Cataracts
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Arcus Senilis
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Lids, Lacrimal Apparatus, Orbital Disorders
Orbit
Neuro-ophthalmic examination and nerve palsy
COLOR PERCEPTION AND SATURATION
CRANIAL NERVES PALSIES
Horner syndrome
Neuro-ophthalmic examination
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OPHTHALMOSCOPY
PUPILLARY EXAMINATION
Ocular Emergencies and red Eye
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Dry Eye
Ocular Emergencies and red Eye
Red Eye
Retinal detachment
Uveitis
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Ocular pharmacology and toxicology
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Orbital & Floor Fractures
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Rhabdomyosarcoma
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Central Retinal Vein Occlusion (CRVO)
Macular Degeneration
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Retinitis Pigmentosa
Squint
Anatomy of Extraocular Muscles (EOMs)
Apparent Squint (Pseudostrabismus)
Binocular Vision
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OPHTHALMOSCOPY
OPHTHALMOSCOPY
Apr 22, 2025
1 min read
OPHTHALMOSCOPY
Video
Ophthalmoscopy Images
3- papilledema
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Table of Contents
OPHTHALMOSCOPY
Ophthalmoscopy Images
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Neuro-ophthalmic examination
3- papilledema