Common Systemic Diseases Affecting the Eye

Infectious

  • Toxoplasmosis
  • Toxocariasis
  • TB
  • Syphilis
  • Leprosy
  • HIV
  • CMV

Non-infectious

  • Sarcoidosis
  • Behcet’s Disease
  • Vogt Koyanagi Harada syndrome
  • Phakomatoses

Connective tissue disorders Z

  • Marfan’s syndrome:
    • Tall stature
    • Large eyes
    • Myopia
    • Ectopia lentis
    • glaucoma,
    • retinal detachment

tall man subluxation lens; ectopia first image, is marfan syndrome

- Acquired connective tissue disorders: - Itis itis itisZ -

  • Rheumatoid arthritis
  • Episcleritis
  • Scleritis
  • Peripheral corneal disease
  • Scleromalacia perforans

Skin disorders Y

  • Atopic conditions:

  • Dry skin around lids

  • Conjunctivitis

  • keratoconus

  • Acne rosacea: keratoconjunctivitis

Steven Johnson Syndrome Y

  • Conjunctivitis
  • Mucosal ulceration
  • Corneal ulceration
  • Symblepharon
  • Ankyloblepharon
  • Uveitis

Infectious diseasesZ

  • Congenital Rubella
    • Microphthalmia - microcephaly
    • Cataract
    • Glaucoma
    • Uveitis
    • Salt & pepper retinopathy - 4th alternation of white atrophy & black hypertrophy

What have we discussed

  • Most systems in the body will have an eye problem association
  • Eyes may indicate systemic disease
  • Failure to refer patients with systemic diseases for eye examination could result in blindness.