Mental Disorders Due to Use of Opioids
- Morphine, heroin (diacetylmorphine), codeine, pethidine, methadone.
- Heroin:
- dependence develops within two weeks of daily use
- overdose may lead to death
- withdrawal symptoms are extremely unpleasant
- needle-sharing represents a serious risk of transmission of HIV and hepatitis B + C viruses
- treatment of the withdrawal state – buprenorphine, benzodiazepines, spasmolytics; in serious cases of dependence heroin is replaced by methadone