- Screening test by urine analysis for glucose in urine (glucosuria): Glucose appears in urine if blood glucose level rises above glucose renal threshold (180 mg/dl).
VERY IMPORTANT !! PRESENCE OF GLUCOSURIA IS NOT CONCLUSIVE FOR THE OCCURRENCE OF DM & ABSENCE OF GLUCOSURIA DOES NOT EXCLUDE THE OCCURRENCE OF DM How??????
- Standard Criteria of Diagnosis of DM (according to ADA):
- A- Symptoms of DM + Random blood glucose equal or more 200 mg/dl (11.1 mmol/L)
- B- Fasting equal or more 126 mg/dl (7 mmol/L)
- C- Two-hours postprandial glucose more than or equal 200 mg/dl (11.1 mmol/L)
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Oral glucose tolerance test ?????
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Glycosylated hemoglobin HBA1c: follow up of treatment (control of DM in previous 2 months)?
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Immunological investigations (Islet cells antibodies PICA for diagnosis of type 1 DM)
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Insulin C peptide in blood : to detect the endogenous secretion of insulin
Laboratory Diagnosis of Pre DM
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Impaired Fasting Blood Glucose: in cases of fasting blood glucose 100-126 mg/dl
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Impaired Glucose Tolerance: in cases of two-hours postprandial 140-200 mg/dl
Patients with pre-diabetics should be monitored for the early diagnosis of DM