Inspection
- Precordium contour
- Blood vessels
- Chest pulsation
Palpation
- Tenderness
- Parasternal heaving
- Thrill
- Apex localization
Percussion
- Liver expansion
Auscultation
- Heart sounds → Normal (first & second heart sounds ) & Third & forth heart sounds
- Added sounds → murmurs ⇒ timing Systolic murmurs → physiological and pathological Diastolic murmurs → always pathological