• History of a similar problem .
  • Pancreatitis, bleeding peptic ulcer or inflammatory bowel disease.
  • Coexisting peripheral vascular disease, hypertension, heart failure or atrial fibrillation may suggest aortic aneurysm or mesenteric ischaemia.
  • Primary biliary cirrhosis and autoimmune hepatitis are associated with thyroid disease,
  • Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with diabetes and obesity.
  • Ask about previous abdominal surgery.