Primarily fecal-oral transmission
Drugs Active Against Nematodes
- Albendazole, & Mebendazole, Thiabendazole; block glucose uptake (not to be confused with anti-amoebic Metronidazole, all intestinal nematodes + filariasis
- Diethylcarbamazine (systemic), for tissue nematodes e.g. loa loa filariasis of eye & elephanitis
- Ivermectin; onchocercosis - GABA mediated neurotransmission
- Pyrantel pamoate,Y
- Piperazine,Y
Intestinal nematodes includes:
- enterobius vermicularis (pinworm)
- ascaris lumbricoides (roundworm)
- ancyclostoma & necator species (hookworm)
- strongyloides stercoralis (threadworm)
Tissue nematodes:
- filariasis; Diethylcarbamazine
- onchocerca; Ivermectin
their treatments may result in Mazzotti reactions; occular damage