BY ISRA urea directed action to encephalitis - (transforming growth factor beta, blocker treatment nephritic for chronic kidney diseasescc)
Etiology
A. Rapid Progressive GN (Crescentic GN)
B. Alport Syndrome; X-linked / supportive
C. Membranoproliferative GN + nephrotic/nephritic
Signs and symptoms
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Proteinuria < 3.5g nephritic range
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Acanthocytes: deformed RBCs in urine
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Hematuria
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Hypertension
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Oliguria
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Sterile pyuria
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Nephritic Syndrome is characterized by inflammation, hematuria, and hypertension, with mild proteinuria.
- Often associated with immune-mediated diseases such as post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis, IgA nephropathy, lupus nephritis, and rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis.
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Nephrotic Syndrome is characterized by massive proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, severe edema, and hyperlipidemia, without significant inflammation.
- Can be caused by conditions like minimal change disease, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), membranous nephropathy, and diabetic nephropathy.