UTIs are prevalent in:
1-women of child-bearing age 2- the elderly population.
Causative M.O:
Escherichia coli is the most common pathogen, causing about 80% of uncomplicated upper and lower UTIs. Staphylococcus saprophyticus is the second most common bacterial pathogen causing UTIs.
Lines of TTT include:
A-Antibiotics
B- change of urine PH: ”change pH of urine can be sufficient for treatment” Advantages 1- Inhibit bacterial growth like E.coli (with alkaline urine) 2-Relieve dysuria (by raising pH of urine) 3- Prevent crystalluria and stone formation 4-Enhances antibiotic activity
C-Urinary antiseptics
D-much fluid intake
Treatments includes
1- Antibiotics
In addition to CO-TRIMOXAZOLE and the Quinolones previously mentioned, UTIs may be treated with Penicillins as they are often listed as alternative regimens for urinary tract infections (UTIs) in pregnant women because they are pregnancy category B and eliminated renally.
However, resistance in Escherichia coli to them is very high, and susceptibility testing should be performed.
Amoxicillin/clavulanate acid is used for UTIs when resistance to other drugs is seen.
2-Urinary antiseptics
urinary tract antiseptic, including: (Methenamine, Nitrofurantoin, and nalidixic acid ) These drugs do not achieve antibacterial levels in the circulation, but because they are concentrated in the urine, microorganisms at that site can be effectively eradicated.