General Dermatology CS-OSPE
Punch Biopsy
What does this instrument do?
- A-Punch biopsy
The correct usage for it is?
- B-Perpendicular to the skin surface
Loratadine
Indication:
- Urticaria
- Antihistamine 2nd generation
Malar Rash / Butterfly rash - SLE with photosensitivity
This rash called?
- B-Butterfly rash
If systemic involvement, can be SLE-caused; nasolabial fold is spared.
What lab test appropriate to order for this patient?
- A-ANA
diff Roseacea Seborrheic dermatitis (Crusts + nose involved)
The “butterfly rash” of lupus
- Four SLE criteria are dermatologic:
- Photosensitivity
- Discoid lesions
- Oral ulcerations
- Malar rash
Cryogun / Cryotherapy Instrument & Uses
What is the name of the used substance? Liquid nitrogen
What is this instrument?
- Cryogun
- Open spray
- Cryotherapy Set
What is the name of the procedure?
- Cryotherapy
It works at which degree?
- Open spray: - 40̊C
- Cotton bud: - 20̊C
- Metal forceps: - 15̊C
It treats all except?
- Melanoma
- Angioma
Some of the common conditions responsive to cryosurgery: Benign lesions
- Viral Warts
- Skin tags
- Seborrhoeic keratoses
- Sebaceous hyperplasia - milion
- Molluscum contagiosum
- Milia - cherry angioma.
- Wart - chery angioma - seborrhic keratosis
Pre-malignant lesions
- Actinic/solar keratoses - Scabies Bowens
- Bowens disease (Intra-epithelial carcinoma) - Eczema
- Actinic cheilitis
Malignant Lesions
- Superficial basal cell carcinomas - electrodular
- Nodular basel cell carcinoma
Albinism
Q1- What process is related to this condition?
- Tyrosine to melanin
Q2- Treatment is?
- A. Dermatology close follow up and sun protection
Ulcer Lesion
6-Which one is true?
- B-Loss of the epithelium of epidermis and dermal and heals with scarring
#Z
Pitting Nail / Nail Pitting
What is this?
- Pitting nail
- Nail pitting
Can be associated with which condition?
- B-Alopecia areata
- Lichen planus
- Alopecia Areata
- Psoriasis
Lichenification
24- Which one of those is true?
- Answer: Thickening of the skin with exaggeration of skin creases
Nikolsky’s sign
30- Associated with which condition?
- Answer: PV
Rosacea
Patient with erythema, papules, pustules.
What is the diagnosis? Rosacea
This condition is triggered by?
- Hot spicy food, alcohol, heat/hot beverages, sunlight, and exercise.
Describe?
- Primary features: flushing, papules, pustules and telangiectasia. Located on the mid face including the nose and cheeks with occasional involvement of the brow, chin, eyelids, and eyes. Erythema of the central face often persists for months or more, after age 30, with no comedone.
- Secondary features: burning, stinging, edema, plaques, dry appearance, phyma, peripheral flushing and ocular manifestations including keratitis, blepharitis, and conjunctivitis.
What is the differential diagnosis?
- Seborrheic dermatitis
- Acne Vulgaris (AV)
What are the types?
- Erythematotelangiectatic
- Papulopustular
- Phymatous (rhinophyma)
- Ocular
How to manage this patient?
- Full history
- Examination
- Education
- Sunscreens/daily sunscreen use.
- Avoidance of aggravating factors.
- Topical: Metronidazole, sodium sulfacetamide, azelaic acid, sulfur cleansers.
- Oral antibiotics (tetracycline) for papular and pustular lesions.
- Laser and light therapy
- Keratolytic
- Antifungal.
Erythema multiforme
39- This lesion is called?
- Answer: Target sign
Instrument Identification / Shave Biopsy
- What is the name of this instrument? Dermablade.
- What is used for? Shave Biopsy. Superficial upper dermis or Sensitive anatomic area. Seborrheic keratosis This is the appropriate (technique) type of skin biopsy for this lesion at this site.
If the skin biopsy showed superficial basal cell carcinoma, mention one treatment? - Cryotherapy - Electrodisscition | Curretage
Instrument Identification (Hyfrecator)
- Name the instrument: hyfrecator
- Mention 1 benign and 1 malignant skin conditions that can be used to treat? Condition one is: viral wart - sk Condition two is: superficial BCC - scc
Second image
- curtage
- Electrodesication
Name the procedure?
- Electrodessication & Curettage (ED&C).
Use:
- Indicated for:
- Squamous cell carcinoma in situ.
- Superficial and selected nodular Basal cell carcinoma.
- Benign growths like warts.
- Seborrhoeic keratosis.
Wood’s Lamp Test
- Test name: wood’s lamp
- 2 indications:
- Tinea versicolor → golden yello
- Tinea capitis → green
- Vitiligo → milky white
- Erythroderma → Red
Dermatographism
itchy condition developed due skin rubbing
- What is the name of this specific type of skin reactions? Dermatographism
- It is due to increase level of Histamine
Dermoscope, Melanoma
What is the device?
- Dermoscope
Used to for:
- Melanoma
Phototherapy Cabinet / UVA Cabin
This cabinet used to emit medical light.
-
What is the light delivered by this device? Narrowband UVA
-
Name the machine: UVA Cabin
-
Which of the following disease can be treated using this device?
- Psoriasis vulgaris
- vitiligo
- Psoriasis
Clobetasol Propionate Cream
- It is a super high potency topical steroid
- Mention three conditions you can use this drug to treat them? Severe chronic eczema, psoriasis, keloid, lichen planus, allergic contact dermatitis
- This drug is suitable to be used to treat lesion in soles, palms, extensors & NOT in face, genitalia, axilla ( folds )
General Skin Signs (Erythema, Papule, Vesicle)
Interpretation after 4 days
positive signs:
- Erythema
- papule
- vesicle
Skin Layers and Proteins
- Mention the layer From Inside to Outside so Basal ⇒ spinous ⇒ granulum ⇒ corneum
- Mention 5 proteins and Each one in which layer we found it so
- keratin - Fillagrine ⇒ epidermis
- *Elastine - Colagin ⇒ dermis
- Desmoglain ⇒ spinous layer
Scraping Skin Test (KOH Test)
1- what is name of the test ?
Scraping skin test
2- what is the add substance Potassium hydroxide
3- two different disease that you could diagnose through this test ? Tinea capitis - tinea versicolor
HIV, loss of buccal fat pads
Albinism with skin cancer
What is the diagnosis?
- Albinism with skin cancer.
What is the pathology?
- Due to loss of protection from radiation.
What is the treatment?
- Protection is essential:
- Sun cream
- Prevent sun exposure (e.g., go outside at night)
Chronic ulcer on the foot
- Clinical Presentation:
- Ulcer.
- Pathology:
- Due to loss of sensation function in patient with peripheral neuropathy related to DM.
Nummular dermatitis (discoid)
What is the diagnosis?
- Nummular dermatitis (discoid).
What is the clinical presentation?
- Multiple coin-shaped eczematous plaques on the extremities and trunk.
- May be scaly but lacks the central clearing seen in tinea corporis and is KOH negative.
- Very pruritic.
- May exhibit weeping, cracking, vesicles, or crusts.
- Pathology shows spongiotic dermatitis.
What is the pathology?
- IgA.
What is the treatment?
- Clobetasol ointment.
- Emollient.