Goals and Benefits of Preanesthesia Evaluation

  • Ensure that the patient can safely tolerate anesthesia for the planned surgery.
  • Mitigate perioperative risks such as pulmonary or cardiovascular complications.
  • Document current known medical problems, past medical issues, previous surgeries, anesthesia types, and anesthesia-related complications.
  • A detailed notation of diseases or symptoms such as:
    • Hypertension
    • Diabetes mellitus
    • Ischemic heart disease
    • Shortness of breath
    • Chest pain
  • Document severity, stability, associated activity limitations, exacerbations (current or recent), prior treatments, and planned interventions.
  • Review all related diagnostic test results and interventions.
  • List any allergies to medications and other substances (e.g., latex, radiographic dye).
  • Document tobacco, alcohol, or illicit drug use.
  • Note personal or family history of pseudocholinesterase deficiency and malignant hyperthermia.
  • Perform a standardized general review of all organ systems.

MET (Functional Capacity Assessment)

  • Assessment of the patient’s cardiopulmonary fitness or functional capacity is integral to the preoperative clinical examination.
  • Estimate a patient’s risk for major postoperative morbidity or mortality and determine whether further preoperative testing is required.
  • One metabolic equivalent of task (MET) is the amount of oxygen consumed while sitting at rest, equivalent to an oxygen consumption of 3.5 mL/min/kg body weight.