• Both lower limb exposed & compare
  • Supine & standing (for varicose veins)
  • Look for varicose veins ( anterior & posterior)
  • Document the venous system involved
  • Calf or whole limb swelling (induration)
  • Localized swelling and skin changes in superficial thrombophlebitis in the line of superficial vein

Features of chronic venous insufficiency (CVI): Oedema, leg induration, pigmentation, eczema, ulceration, skin thickness & redness- lipodermatosclerosis

Ulceration: Venous ulcers are located around medial lower 1/3rd of the leg (size, shape, margin and floor)