Imaging modalities utilized in UTD
Imaging play role in the diagnosis and management urological diseases, because many urological condition are difficult to be assessed by physical examination
- Plain x-rays
- IVU
- Cystourethrogram
- Ultrasound
- CT
- Radionuclide imaging (NM)
- MRI
- Angiography
Congenital anomalies
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Cross ectopic: Lower kidney is usually ectopic one. In 90% of cases there is fusion of kidneys. There are increase chances of calculus formation.
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Horseshoe kidney: Lower pole of both unite in the middle. Prone to trauma
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Pelvic kidney: Kidney is located in the pelvis. More prone to trauma.
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Duplicate collecting system: Complete/partial
Pathologies
- Vesicoureteral reflux
- Hydronephrosis
- NephrocalcinosisZ
- Nephrolithiasis
- Urinary Calculus
- Renal Abscess
- Renal Trauma
- Bladder injury
- Urethral Injury
- Perinephric abscess
- Urethral Stricture
- Renal Simple Cyst
Malignancies
- Renal Mass
- Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease
- Renal cell carcinoma
- Angiomyolipoma
- Wilms Tumor