id: 1
ABG Analysis
- pH = 7.202 (7.35 - 7.45)
- PaCO2 = 19.8 mmHg (38 - 42 mmHg)
- PaO2 = 86.6 mmHg (75 – 100 mmHg)
- HCO3 = 7.4 mmol/L (22 – 28 mmol/L)
- BE = -18 mmol/L (-2 to +2 mmol/L)
- Sat = 91.5 % (95 - 100%)
Questions
- Describe abnormal findings in the arterial blood gases test?
- Low pH
- Low PaCO2
- Low HCO3
- Low Sat
- What is the likely diagnosis?
- Metabolic acidosis
- Mention 2 possible causes?
- DKA
- Diarrhea
- Renal tubular acidosis
Respiratory Alkalosis
What are the blood gas findings? pH 7.48, pCO2 2.9 kPa, pO2 15.5 kPa, Cl- 100 mM, Na+ 142 mM, K+ 3.2 mM, HCO3- 17 mM.
What is the likely diagnosis? Respiratory alkalosis.
What are the possible causes? Early pneumonia, asthma, mechanical ventilation, psychogenic causes, and drugs like salicylate poisoning.
Case
pH abnormality ? Acute respiratory acidosis DDx? severe pneumonia, severe asthma, COPD
Case
pH abnormality ? Metabolic alkalosis DDx? Vomiting
Case
Q1. What is the cause of this baby’s jaundice? Hemolysis due to ABO incompatibility. Q2. What are the complications? Anemia, kernicterus . Q3. What is the treatment ? Blood transfusion, Phototherapy, Exchange transfusion.
Case
Describe 2 abnormalities in the results of serum electrolyte ? Hyponatremia and hyperkalaemia Mention the likely diagnosis? CAH Q3.What are other relevant investigations ? Cortisol level, ACTH level, karyotype Q4. What are the main outlines of treatment for such baby? Cortisol and mineralocorticoid
Case
Diagnosis ? Combined respiratory and Metabolic acidosis.