MACROCEPHALY

Definition:
Head circumference greater than two standard deviations above mean for a given age and gender (≥ 95th percentile).

Causes

1. Benign Familial Macrocephaly
   Have a look at the Parents!
   (head circumference will remain parallel to the expected growth line over serial measurements, normal intelligence)

2. Hydrocephalus

3. Megalencephaly (Syndromic)
   Excess brain tissue due to either large brain cells or extra cells

   • Example: Sotos Syndrome (cerebral Gigantism)

4. Skeletal Dysplasia
   Thickening of the skull caused by anemia, rickets.