Urinary Tract Infection

Table of Contents

Presentations

Objectives

  • Identify Differential Diagnosis (DD) of a case of UTI.
  • Differentiate between the upper and lower UTI.
  • Discuss briefly about acute cystitis (lower tract UTI) and honeymoon cystitis.
  • Discuss briefly about pyelonephritis (Upper UTI).
  • Investigate appropriately a patient with UTI.
  • Advise initial management plan for a patient with acute cystitis.
  • Identify preventive measures for acute cystitis.

In Summary

  • UTI is a common problem.
  • Females are more prone to this problem.
  • Empiric treatment of short duration is acceptable.
  • Be aware of Upper UTI and UTI in males.
  • Non-pharmacological and good hygienic habits are the cornerstones to reduce recurrent attacks.

  1. Commonest bacteria: E.Coli, then Klebsiella, Proteus
  2. UTI more common in females
  3. Treatment with antibiotics usually for 3 days
  4. Treatment for 7 days in males, pregnancy, DM
  5. In pregnancy, if bacteria are present in urine, treat it, even if asymptomatic
  6. Obstruction in the urinary tract --- increased risk of UTI
  7. Antibiotics used:
  • Non-pregnant female: Bactrim, nitrofurantoin, fosfomycin, cipro
  • Males: Same as above for 7 days * Pregnancy: Nitrofurantoin, fosfomycin