Ketamine
- Mechanism of Action: Mainly attributed to noncompetitive antagonism of NMDA receptors in the CNS.
- Pharmacokinetics: Unconsciousness in 30 to 60 s after an IV. Terminated by redistribution in 15 to 20 minutes.
- Primary Uses: Induction of general anesthesia. Analgesia.
- Advantages:
- CVS stability makes it suitable for shocked patients.
- Preservation of airway reflexes & less respiratory depression.
- Potent bronchodilator.
- Adverse Effects:
- ↑ HR, and BP not good for hypertensive patient.
- ↑ salivation, PONV, agitation & hallucinations.
- Contraindicated in patients with head trauma.