Spinal dysraphism can be broadly divided into two different clinicoradiological entities:
A- Open spinal dysraphism (Spina bifida aperta):
- Occurs when the cord and its covering communicate with the outside; no skin or tissues cover the sac e.g.:(Myelomeningocele and Myelocele)
B- Closed spinal dysraphism(Spina bifida occulta):
- Vertebral bone defect without herniation.
- The spinal cord, meninges, and overlying skin remain intact.