Surgery imaging

Brain Imaging

Epidural

• ipsilateral pupil diltation

Treatment: ligation of artery

Subdural

Bridging vein from brain to dural space - commonly elderly/pediatrics

s/s

• chronic
• change in personality
• hx of minor truama

Treatment Purr hole

1. Epidural - shifted lenticular
2. Subdural - crescent
3. Subdural -
4. Epidural

Chest Imaging

1. Pneumothorax - Right lung
2. Pneumothorax - Left lung - mediastinum pushed
3. Pneumothorax - RT
4. Pneumothorax - RT

Abdomen Imaging

normal abdominal x-ray - normal gas pattern - lower pole kidney - gastric bubble is found - comment on bone

Free air under diaphragm - most commonly due duodenal perforation - (diff; perforated viscus, peptic ulcer, duodenal, penetrating truama, post surgical 8 days likely to disappear)

1. free air
2. erect - air fluid levels - should be not more than three - >5 significant 11 found -
3. no free air under diaphgram - 8 fluid level, (evidence of bowel obstruction) (adhesion, hernia, IBD; Crohn, cancer, inturcucception, gallstones)

1. 9 air fluids in large bowel - mucosal folds are not completed - highly suggestive of bowel obstruction

2. dilated large bowel - mucosal folds are not complete - (diff; cancer, divertuclitis, volvolus, toxic megacolon?)
3. if both small and large most likely nonmechanical paralytical illeus

2) Dilated bowel (diff; cancer colon) -

closed loop obstruction from both sides result large bowel most dangerous left side most common cancers

1. coffe bean - omega sign - volvulus twisting around its axis - it is closed loop obstruction very dangerous - (treat clonoscopy decompression)
2. volvulus
3. abdominal x-ray - Dilated colon (diff - cancer colon, ulcerative colittis)

1. volvulus
2. volvulus

Pyelo

1. & 2 Appendicitis - appendicolith/feacolith in young, MALT GALT
2. IVP, normal

1. IVP, Hydrouterer - sharp blunted
2. /////
3. ////

1. 8 air fluid - small intestinal central - intistinal obstruction due adhesion - stack of coins. ++ NG tube aspiration relieve from vomitting
2. dilated small bowel obstruction - stack of coins
3. small bowel

1) 2) large bowel - mucosal issnt complete periphery 3)

1. Uretic stone
2. radioopaque shadow on RUQ - renal stone
3. Gallstone illeus - radioopaque shadow (regulars triad??)

1. barium swallow - zenkers diverticulum
2. negative
3. b swallow - diltation upper, stricture (diff cancer)

1. normal (mucosal fold roge)
2. dilated esophagus, stricture, bear beak/rat tail sign = aclasia

1. follow through normal
2. follow through (diff celiac; villus atrophy)

1. barium enema from below
2. apple core - neck and shoulder - stricture (cancer)
3. Ulcerative collitis loss of haustration

3. double enema - polyps

1. & 2 MRE -

1. MRE (crohn)
2. MRE
3. MRE

CT

1. CBD + METASTESIS
2. hypodense - spleenomegaly with splenic infarct
3. patient compl anemia vomit - mass stomach - adenocarcinoma - stage 4 gastric cancer (cannon ball sign) - ct scan contrast porta

1. multiple lesion in liver due (Diff; cancer, multiple abcess pyogenic most likely)

2. Ireggular lesion peripheral enhancement - hypo in cent - febrile tender (liver abcess) - antibiotic + ct u/s guidance drainage

3. HCC, Cancer of liver, hepatic adenoma, FNH (with central scar star like)

1. ct scan (hypodense lesion in liver well circumscribed single - most likely amoebic liver abcess)
3. multiple … metastasis

1. fullness tenderness right illiac fossa 5D hx - appendicular mass incisional and drainage with antibiotic
2. abscess
3. ////
4. ////

1. ////
2. ////

U/S

1. chronic chole
2. hyperechoic - post acoustic shadow…
3. acute cholecystitis
4. acute edematous thick gallbladder

1. stone tumour

hydiatted HCC

/// /// ///

ERCP

1. ERCP
2. ERCP
3. ERCP dilated (diff stone, tumour)

1. dilated cbd, stone
2. 3 - d. basket?

HIDA SCAN

gall - 100% - diff acute cholecystitis 2) negative 3) positive 4)

MRCP

diagnostic therapeutic anatomical

NUCLEAR SCAN

cold nodule = malignancy

MAMMOGRAM

fibroadenoma

PET SCAN

annual follow up

3. soft tissue sarcoma -
4. lung cancer metasteseses to bone